Alcohol and Liver:
Excess alcohol consumption is a primary cause of cirrhosis. Alcohol lowers the liver's levels of antioxidants, including vitamin E, making the liver vulnerable. Noni contains all the vitamins including antioxidants vitamin E, beta-carotene, and vitamin C, all trace metals, and many micronutrients that makes Noni as a powerful antioxidants.
Noni and the Importance of proper nutrition:
Heavy drinkers consume a substantial number of calories as alcohol, they consume less vitamin- and mineral-rich food than they otherwise might, exacerbating alcohol-induced nutritional deficiencies. Virtually all individuals with alcoholic hepatitis suffer from malnutrition to a degree more or less proportional to the severity of their disease. Noni contains all the natural vitamins, trace minerals, amino acids and many micronutrients. Hence Noni neutralizes the alcohol induced nutritional deficiencies in alcoholic hepatitis condition. Indeed, survival in alcoholics with moderate or severe hepatitis is directly proportional to how much food they consume. Mortality drops to zero in those consuming 3000 or more calories during treatment. Similar results were seen with alcoholic cirrhosis patients, except for the most severely malnourished, who may have been too compromised to recover
It is important that any increase in fatty acids be accompanied by an increase in vitamin E. Without supplemental vitamin E, it can be detrimental. Noni contain all the vitamins including vitamin E and all trace minerals, all essential amino acids, bio flavonoids and 150+ phytonutrients in a perfect synergistic manner that come together in a way to support many of our vital organs including liver
Since cirrhosis is the result of chronic injury to the liver from free radicals, antioxidant therapy may slow the progression of the disease. Studies have found that people with cirrhosis have low levels of vitamin C and vitamin E. An Italian study demonstrated that eating foods high in antioxidants decreased the progression of cirrhosis, while a high level of fatty animal products and sugar from nonfruit sources increased it. Noni contain all the vitamins in natural forms, all trace minerals, many bioflavonoid, and lots of phytonutrients. Hence Noni acts like powerful antioxidants.
In vitro Noni showed a dose-dependent inhibition of both LPO and SAR. The SAR scavenging activity of Noni was compared to that of three known antioxidants: Vitamin C, grape seed powder, and Pycnogenol at the daily dose per serving level recommended by US RDA's or manufacturer's recommendations. Under the experimental conditions, the SAR scavenging activity of Noni was shown to be 2.8 times that of vitamin C, 1.4 times that of Pycnogenol, and 1.1 times that of grape seed powder. Therefore Noni has a great potential to scavenge reactive oxygen free radicals.
Branched-chain amino acids
The branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) include leucine, isoleucine, and valine. They must be obtained in the diet because the human body cannot make them. Cirrhotic patients have an increased energy requirement that BCAAs seem to fill better than glucose or amino acids. Supplementing the diet with these amino acids lowers hospital admission rates and improves nutritional parameters, liver function tests, and overall quality of life in patients with liver disease . In addition, supplementing with BCAAs after surgery for hepatic carcinoma shortens hospital stays and improves the return of liver function. Noni contain 17 amino acid out of 20 with all essential amino acids including branch-chain amino acids. Hence Noni may fulfill the adequate energy requirement in cirrhotic patients by providing branch chain amino acids.
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Glutathione and Liver – Noni's role
In addition, alcohol lowers glutathione, an important internal antioxidant. Glutathione is a small protein molecule formed from the amino acid cysteine, glycine, and glutamic acid. Glutathione is manufactured inside the cells. The cells ability to make glutathione is determined by the supply of raw materials (or glutathione precursors ) in particular of the amino acids cysteine. The highest concentration of glutathione is found in liver. Glutathione also acts to reconstitute the antioxidant VitaminC and E after they have been oxidized. It has been found in both rodents and nonhuman primates, depletion of antioxidants and glutathione occurs at early stages of liver disease. Noni contains 17 amino acids out of 20 including all essential amino acids and also those glutathione precursor cysteine, glycine, and glutamic acid. Hence Noni enhances the glutathione concentration in liver and acts as a hepatoprotective agent
The importance of Omega-3 fatty acids and Noni's role
Omega-3 fatty acids and other antioxidants have been shown to reduce inflammation, which is a distinctive feature of liver disease and cirrhosis. Studies have shown that reducing the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids prevents liver damage induced by total parenteral (intravenous) nutrition in newborn piglets, rats, and humans. Important omega-3 fatty acids in human nutrition are α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Noni contains all those important omega-3 fatty acids and thus helps in reducing inflamation in liver disease and corrhosis.
A study in an acute liver injury model induced by carbon tetrachloride - Carbon tetrachloride is a liver carcinogen and lipid hydroperoxidation inducer. To further confirm the antioxidant activity of Noni in vivo, a carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury model in female SD rats was selected. Ten percent of Noni in drinking water for 12 d was able to reduce the liver LPO and SAR levels to 20 % and 50 % of that observed in the placebo group 3 h after CCl4 administration. In conclusion, Noni may protect liver from an extrinsic carcinogenic CCl4 exposure.
Study reports of antioxidant activity of Noni
It is believed that fruits and vegetable are major sources of antioxidants. Noni is a medicinal plant that helps different health conditions in many different ways. It was hypothesized that the antioxidant activity of Noni may protect individuals from oxygen free radicals and consequent lipid peroxidation. In order to examine this hypothesis, the antioxidant activity of Noni was analyzed. The study was designed to measure how well Noni scavenged superoxide anion radicals (SAR) and quenched lipid peroxides (LPO) by TNB assay and LMB assay, respectively. SAR scavenging activity was examined in vitro by tetrazoliumnitroblue (TNB) assay. In TNB assay, SAR reduces TNB into formazan blue, which absorbs at 602 nm. A SAR scavenger, such as Noni , reduces the absorbency by reacting with SAR. In this assay, a standard curve is produced when SAR are generated from NADH under aerobic conditions, with phenazinemethosulfate as a catalyst. In LMB assay, LPO oxidizes leucomethylene to methylene blue in the presence of hemoglobin. The resultant blue color can be quantified spectrophotometrically at 660 nm.
Animal products are high in arachidonic acid, a precursor to inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes, and sugars from nonfruit sources are more likely to increase insulin levels because fiber is not present to slow the absorption of sugar. High insulin levels stimulate the conversion of arachidonic acid into inflammatory prostaglandins. The resulting inflammation generates high levels of reactive oxygen species. Thus, cirrhotic patients should avoid nonfruit sources of sugar or consume additional fiber when non fruit sugars are consumed. Noni is the nature's fruit and it contains fructose, sucrose, glucose with abundant dietary fibers. Noni helps to keep the balance of insulin level in blood.
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